TRANSVERSAL · 14 entries
Transversal.
Entries on infrastructure, ethics, and procedures cutting across scientific practice: reproducibility, FAIR, preregistration, systematic review, ORCID, ethics committees, and research data protection.
DOI Persistent identifier for digital objects, defined by ISO 26324 and administered by the International DOI Foundation. The de facto standard in academic communication for stable citation of articles, datasets, chapters, and other research outputs.
Cross-cutting FAIR principles Set of four principles for research data management: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable. Articulated by Wilkinson et al. (2016, Scientific Data). International standard adopted by the European Commission, NIH, and global funders.
Cross-cutting Lattes Platform (CNPq) Integrated CNPq system maintaining curricula of Brazilian researchers, research groups (Directory), and institutions. National standard for academic evaluation, scholarship distribution, and funding. Operating since 1999.
Cross-cutting ORCID Unique persistent identifier for researchers, in a 16-digit format. Maintained by ORCID Inc., a nonprofit organization. Today required by most funders and journals as a condition for submission and grant award.
Cross-cutting Preregistration Formal deposit of hypotheses, methods, and analysis plan before data collection or analysis, in a repository with verifiable timestamp (OSF, AsPredicted). Distinguishes confirmatory from exploratory. Nosek et al. (2018) synthesized the revolution.
Cross-cutting PRISMA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses: international guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Current version: PRISMA 2020 (Page et al., BMJ). 27-item checklist + flow diagram. Near-universal adoption in health.
Cross-cutting PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, maintained by CRD (Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York) since 2011. Registers systematic review protocols in health before initiation, with permanent timestamp and DOI. International standard.
Cross-cutting Reproducibility and replicability Reproducibility: obtaining the same results with the same data and code. Replicability: obtaining consistent results in an independent study with new data collection. Distinction formalized by Goodman et al. (2016) and adopted by the National Academies (2019).
Cross-cutting Research ethics committee Independent institutional body that ethically evaluates research projects with human participants. CEP/CONEP in Brazil, IRB in the US, REC in the UK. Foundations: Helsinki (1964), Belmont Report (1979), Beauchamp and Childress's principles.
Cross-cutting Scientometric analysis Quantitative study of science as a system: production, collaboration, citations, impact, field dynamics. Differs from bibliometrics by broader scope (policies, national indicators). Methods: network analysis, text mining, temporal analysis.
Cross-cutting Scoping review Structured synthesis that maps literature on a broad topic, identifies key concepts, gaps, and types of evidence. Distinguished from systematic review by broader scope and absence of quality appraisal. Framework by Arksey and O'Malley (2005); reporting via PRISMA-ScR.
Cross-cutting Sensitive data in research Data categories requiring extra protection: health, genetic data, sexual orientation, religion, financial status, geolocation. Regulated by LGPD (Brazil), GDPR (EU), HIPAA (US). Anonymization is not a final solution — re-identification is a growing risk.
Cross-cutting Sucupira Platform (CAPES) CAPES system for collecting data from Brazilian graduate programs (master's, doctoral). Foundation of the quadrennial evaluation: grades 3-7 that determine course recognition and scholarship distribution. Operating since 2014, replacing CAPES Coleta.
Cross-cutting Systematic review Structured synthesis of literature on a specific research question, with explicit, reproducible, and preregistered method. Identifies, appraises, and integrates relevant studies minimizing bias. PRISMA 2020 is the standard reporting guideline.
Cross-cutting